Monkeys that live in the amazon rainforest

Amazon Rainforest Monkeys are one of the main animals people search for in the rainforest. Perhaps they remind us of our own ancestry and we feel more of a connection to this group. Whatever the reason, the diversity of primates is astonishing and you are sure to find different species if exploring the Amazon with a professional guide.

A fantastic place to visit to see a high diversity of Amazon monkeys is the Tamshiyacu Tahuayo Reserve of the western Amazon Rainforest. You can visit this area from the Tahuayo Lodge located 150km from the city of Iquitos, north Peru.

Spider Monkey

Spider monkeys feed on fruits, berries, soft leaves, insects, and honey and live in large territorial groups. The groups split during the day to feed and meet back in the evenings sounding out greeting calls. They live in the western Amazon Rainforest.

Titi Monkey

Titi Monkeys have a robust body with short limbs and a hairy non-prehensile tail. Titis feed off grubs, leaves, seeds, and fruit. They seem to prefer trees near bodies of water and form pair bonds.

Tamarin Monkey

Monkeys that live in the amazon rainforest
Photo by Kuhnmi on Flickr

Tamarins feed on birds, invertebrates, soft fruit, and plant exudates. They are very diverse in appearance and their names reflect this e.g Saguinus mystax, the moustached tamarin, or Saguinus imperator, the emperor tamarin named after Kaiser Wilhelm II, the last German emperor. Google Kaiser Wilhelm II and look at the above photo to see why. Tamarins form troops of 2 to 11 members with frequent migrations and live in tropical forest areas in Central and South America.

Squirrel Monkey

Squirrel Monkeys live in the forests of South America and feed off fruit and invertebrates. They have diverse calls specific to alarm, courtship, dominance, and pain. Around 26 different calls have been recorded. The best time to see these monkeys is early morning. They sometimes approach visitors out of curiosity and even throw small items onto onlookers. They generally form larger groups than other monkeys of the New World, which consist of 120 – 300 or more individuals in areas of unaltered Amazon rainforest.

Night Monkeys

Night Monkeys, or Owl Monkeys, are often seen while night spotting for nocturnal Amazon wildlife. Night monkeys form pair bonds and you will usually see two or more heads poking out from tree holes in the forest. They form close family groups of 4 or 5 family members. There are many species of owl monkey with a lot of disagreement among naturalists regarding taxonomy.

Capuchin Monkeys

Monkeys that live in the amazon rainforest
Photo by Cody Hinchliff on Flickr

Capuchin monkeys eat leaves, fruit, insects, and other small animals. Capuchins are also known to use stones to crack open shelled prey like crabs. They live in troops of around 10 – 40 members in South American forests and are more able to adapt to habitat change than most other monkeys.

Books on Wildlife

Here is a selection of good books and guides on wildlife to help you learn more about animals and plants in their natural environment.

  • Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide
  • Natural History (Smithsonian)
  • The Encyclopedia of Animals
  • Wild Amazon: A Photogapher’s Incredible Journey
  • The Diversity of Life

The most threatened mammal species in the Amazon are the primates, of which the Amazon is one of the most important regions for these mammals. More than 100 species of primates can be found within Brazil, many of which are found nowhere else in the world. [1]

Primates in the Amazon exist in many forms, from long-limbed spider and wooly monkeys, to smaller capuchin and squirrel monkeys, as well as marmosets and tamarins. Primates help to maintain biological diversity by serving as pollinators and seed disperses within the tropical rainforest. A single spider monkey can disperse over 195,000 seeds over the course of one year, greatly helping the regeneration of the rainforest. [2] Of the 199 taxa of primates in the Neotropics, however, 35% are listed as threatened by the IUCN.

Sources:

  1. Costa, LP et al (2005) Mammal Conservation in Brazil. Conservation Biology, 19 (3), 672-679
  2. Link, A. et al (2006) Seed dispersal by spider monkeys and its importance in the maintenance of neotropical rainforest diversity. Journal of Tropical Ecology. 22, 235-246.

Upon a first glance at this remarkable monkey with distinctive and unforgettable appearance, it would be hard to conceal one's curiosity about this unique monkey. Although its unusual look seems to suggest that it is rare or endangered, it is, in fact, the most abundant monkey species in the Amazon rainforest. And this is the squirrel monkey.

Monkeys that live in the amazon rainforest

Squirrel monkeys are small in size. Their body length range from 25 to 35 centimeters and weigh only around 750 grams. /VCG

Squirrel monkeys are small in size. Their body length range from 25 to 35 centimeters and weigh only around 750 grams. /VCG

Monkeys that live in the amazon rainforest

The black-and-white face give squirrel monkeys the name "death's head monkey" in several Germanic languages. /VCG

The black-and-white face give squirrel monkeys the name "death's head monkey" in several Germanic languages. /VCG

The common squirrel monkeys are popular as pets. They are frequently captured for the pet trade or medical research, for this reason, they are under a breeding program. However, there are two species among the five species of squirrel monkeys are listed as "vulnerable" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Monkeys that live in the amazon rainforest

The dexterous fingers of squirrel monkeys are not only great for gripping onto branches, but also come in very useful when opening fruits and holding onto prey. /VCG

The dexterous fingers of squirrel monkeys are not only great for gripping onto branches, but also come in very useful when opening fruits and holding onto prey. /VCG

Squirrel monkeys are considered to be one of the cleverest monkeys due to having the largest brain to body mass ratio of all the monkey species in the world. They have incredibly good eyesight and color vision which allow them to easily spot fruits among the dense vegetation. 

Squirrel Monkeys spread urine on their hands and feet to mark territories, and leave a scent trail when they are moving in the trees.

Monkeys that live in the amazon rainforest

Miss Baker, an "astronaut" squirrel monkey, rode into space as part of the United States space program, and returned safely. /VCG

Miss Baker, an "astronaut" squirrel monkey, rode into space as part of the United States space program, and returned safely. /VCG

Squirrel monkeys enjoy community life. They live in troops of up to 500 members. They forage together and sometimes would follow another troop's track to take advantage of their food. These small monkeys are omnivorous, which means their diet consists of everything from plants, fruits, to insects and small animals. However, in areas that are affected by deforestation, squirrel monkeys have to raid agricultural plantations to search for food.

The fact that squirrel monkeys inhabit the jungle in enormous troops means that they have also been severely affected by deforestation as it is harder to find enough food to sustain the whole troop. When this leads to their raiding of crops, farmers employ several methods to try to keep them away, which threaten their lives. 

(All photos are from VCG.)

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How many species of monkey are there in the Amazon rainforest?

Of the 15 currently recognized species, nine live in the Amazon Rainforest. They are some of the largest monkeys in the New World, and have long prehensile tails.

What is the smallest monkey in the Amazon rainforest?

Pygmy marmoset - The rainforest's smallest monkey is found in Tambopata. High above the Amazon rainforest floor, in the soaring tropical canopy, lives the world's smallest monkey, the pygmy marmoset (Cebuella pygmaea), also known as the pocket monkey, or dwarf monkey.

Do baboons live in the Amazon rainforest?

Answer and Explanation: Baboons live in the rainforest as well as in other habitats like the savanna, or grassland area.