Prednisone is a medication in a class of drugs called corticosteroids. You might hear your doctor call them glucocorticoids. Corticosteroids are manmade drugs that mimic
a hormone your body makes naturally called cortisol. Even though corticosteroids are sometimes called “steroids” for
short, they’re different from anabolic steroids, the drugs athletes use to build bigger muscles. Prednisone, which comes as a tablet or a liquid, treats many conditions, from allergies and asthma to inflammatory
types of arthritis, like rheumatoid arthritis, and related diseases like gout,
lupus, and vasculitis. It’s even used to treat cancer and multiple sclerosis symptoms. Prednisone, like other corticosteroids, quickly lowers inflammation, which cuts down on pain, redness, and swelling. It also dials down your immune system.
Under normal conditions, this system protects you against things like viruses and bacteria that cause infections and diseases. Sometimes your immune system overreacts and attacks your body's tissues. Prednisone stops that attack. There’s also proof that low-dose prednisone may slow joint damage in people with
rheumatoid arthritis, but not as much as other arthritis medications do. It can also cause unpleasant long-term side effects. The amount of prednisone your doctor prescribes
will depend on your specific condition and the stage of your disease. You might get a high dose (in the range of 80 milligrams/day) for a short time if you’re having a flare-up. Or your doctor may put you on a lower dose for what they call bridge therapy while you’re waiting for another medication to take effect. Many people take a low maintenance dose (5-10 milligrams/day)
for a long time to keep inflammation levels in check. Steroids come with a long list of side effects. They’re more common with oral medications like prednisone because it affects your entire body. You’re also more likely to get them if you’re taking a high dose over a long
time. Some side effects are more serious and longer-lasting than others. Common side effects of prednisone include: Take prednisone with food so it doesn’t upset your stomach. Don’t break, crush, or chew delayed-release tablets. Measure liquid prednisone carefully. The medication usually works within 1 to 2 hours. Delayed-release tablets start working in about 6 hours. Once you stop taking it, the medication doesn’t stay in your system long. No matter the dose, if you’ve been taking prednisone for more than 2 weeks, you shouldn’t stop suddenly. Your doctor will help you decrease your dose (they’ll call it tapering off) slowly so
your body has time to increase its own cortisol production. Follow your doctor’s instructions about tapering carefully. If you quit all of a sudden, you could have symptoms like: Prednisone may not be good choice for people with certain health conditions. Tell your doctor if you have:What Is Prednisone?
What Does Prednisone Do?
How Much Prednisone Will I Take?
What Are the Side Effects of Prednisone?
How Do You Take Prednisone?
How Long Does
It Take Prednisone to Work?
How Do You Taper off Prednisone?
Who Shouldn’t Take Prednisone?
Steroid medicine is the main treatment for polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). A type of corticosteroid called prednisolone is usually prescribed. Prednisolone works by blocking the
effects of certain chemicals that cause inflammation inside your body. It does not cure polymyalgia rheumatica, but it can help relieve the symptoms. When used to treat polymyalgia rheumatica, prednisolone is taken as a tablet. Most people will be prescribed several tablets to take once a day. To start with, you may be prescribed a moderate dose of prednisolone. The dose will gradually be reduced every 1 to 2 months. Although your symptoms should improve within a few days of starting treatment, you'll probably need to continue taking a low dose of prednisolone for about 2 years.Prednisolone
Polymyalgia rheumatica often improves on its own after this time. However, there's a chance it will return after treatment stops. This is known as a relapse.
Do not suddenly stop taking steroid medicine unless your doctor tells you it's safe to stop. Suddenly stopping treatment with steroids can make you very unwell.
Side effects of prednisolone
About 1 in 20 people experience changes in their mental state when they take prednisolone.
You may feel depressed and suicidal, anxious or confused. Some people also have hallucinations, (seeing or hearing things that are not there).
Contact a GP as soon as possible if you experience changes to your mental state.
Other side effects of prednisolone include:
- increased appetite, which often leads to weight gain
- high blood pressure
- mood changes, such as becoming aggressive or irritable with people
- weakening of the bones (osteoporosis)
- stomach ulcers
- increased risk of infection, particularly with the varicella-zoster virus, which is the virus that causes chickenpox and shingles
Get immediate medical advice if you think you've been exposed to the varicella-zoster virus or if a member of your household develops chickenpox or shingles.
The risk of these side effects should improve as your dose of prednisolone is reduced.
Find out more about the side effects of steroid tablets.
Other medicines
Sometimes other medicines may be combined with corticosteroids to help prevent relapses or allow your dose of prednisolone to be reduced.
Some people are prescribed immunosuppressant medicine, such as methotrexate. It's used to suppress the immune system, the body's defence against infection and illness.
It may help people with polymyalgia rheumatica who have frequent relapses or do not respond to normal steroid treatment.
Your doctor may recommend painkillers, such as paracetamol or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), to help relieve your pain and stiffness while your dose of prednisolone is reduced.
Follow-up
You'll have regular follow-up appointments to check:
- how well you're responding to treatment
- if your dose of prednisolone needs to be adjusted
- how well you're coping with any side effects
During these appointments, you'll have blood tests to check the levels of inflammation inside your body.
Follow-up appointments are usually recommended every few weeks for the first 3 months, and then every 3 to 6 months after this time.
Contact a GP if your symptoms return during any part of your treatment. Your dosage may need to be adjusted.
Steroid card
If you need to take steroids for longer than 3 weeks, your GP or pharmacist should arrange for you to be given a steroid card.
The card explains that you're regularly taking steroids and your dose should not be stopped suddenly. Carry the card with you at all times.
Page last reviewed: 30 December 2019
Next review due: 30 December 2022